boron and boulpaep medical physiology pdf urinary

Amphibians, however, are a major exception in that, rather than drinking water orally, they absorb water across their skin (a process termed cutaneous drinking Bentley & Yorio, 1979).

As a dipsogen, AII stimulates oral drinking in some fishes and in most terrestrial vertebrates (i.e., reptiles, birds, and mammals Fitzsimons, 1998). AII is generated as one of three major hormone products of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS Figure 1 illustrates the details of the RAAS in mammals, including humans). The peptide hormone angiotensin II (AII) is well known for its role in plasma-volume and blood-pressure regulation in vertebrates, in part due to its effects as both a dipsogen (i.e., promoter of thirst) and a vasoconstrictor of arterioles. Finally, in demonstrating the function of the highly conserved renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, this hands-on experiment has obvious clinical connections relevant to human medicine (e.g., blood-pressure regulation and treatment of hypertension). Furthermore, data collection can be easily carried out by students using common laboratory supplies, and analysis and interpretation of the collected data are straightforward. This experiment is notable in that it (1) permits students to quantify both a physiological and a behavioral response to exogenous hormone administration (2) can be implemented in relatively small class sizes (3) does not require animal euthanasia and (4) can be accomplished in one class period. I discuss a simple experiment demonstrating control of cutaneous drinking by the hormone angiotensin II in terrestrial toads, designed after methods published in the primary literature and presented herein to make this exercise more widely accessible to ABT readers. Easily relate molecular and cellular biology to the study of human physiology and disease Gain a clear visual understanding with a revised and updated art program of high-quality, full color line drawings and prominently featured clinical examples. Stay current thanks to updated material, including a new chapter on Physiology of Aging and a new section on hemostasis.

Access the fully searchable text online at along with Webnotes, Image Bank, 150 Self-assessment questions, and 10 physiology animations.

Get up-to-date coverage of physiology with updated text and figures. Find information easily with the intuitive organization by body system and consistent style. Master difficult concepts with the use of 800 color drawings that feature balloon captions explaining key processes.

Quickly review important content using prominent boxes included throughout the text to provide clinical examples of disordered physiology.

Boron and boulpaep medical physiology pdf urinary